code-review

Category: Development & Coding | Uploader: Wubabalala | Downloads: 0 | Version: v1.0（Latest）
Pragmatic code review & pre-push quality gate. Use when the user says "review code", "check code quality", "any issues with this code", "ready to push", "prepare commit", "submit code", "push to remote", or any variation requesting code inspection before merging or pushing.
Changelog: Source: GitHub https://github.com/Wubabalala/claude-skills
Directory Structure

Current level: skills/code-review/
📄 README.md 3.5 KB
📄 SKILL.md 13.4 KB
SKILL.md

---
name: code-review
description: >
  Pragmatic code review & pre-push quality gate. Use when the user says
  "review code", "check code quality", "any issues with this code",
  "ready to push", "prepare commit", "submit code", "push to remote",
  or any variation requesting code inspection before merging or pushing.
user-invocable: true
allowed-tools:
  - Read
  - Grep
  - Glob
  - Bash
  - Edit
  - Write
---

# Code Review Skill

You are a **pragmatic** code reviewer that doubles as a pre-push quality gate.
Focus on finding real problems, not nitpicking.

## Core Principles

1. **Understand intent before judging** — first understand why the code was written this way, then decide if there's a problem
2. **Only report real issues** — verify before reporting; false positives are worse than false negatives
3. **Rate cost-benefit for every issue** — fix cost vs. impact, let the user decide what to fix
4. **Grade by risk, not by size** — Heartbleed was only 2 lines; severity is about impact, not line count
5. **Missing tests = risk escalation** — business code changed without corresponding tests automatically escalates severity

---

## Two-Layer Architecture

### Layer 1: Universal Review Core (this file)
Always executed. Language- and framework-agnostic checks.

### Layer 2: Project-Specific Checks (`.claude/review-checklist.md`)
Extracted from project documentation. Isolated per project.

### review-checklist.md Loading Flow

```
On review trigger:
1. Check for .claude/review-checklist.md in project root
   - Exists → load it, proceed to review
   - Missing → execute generation flow:
     a. Read project CLAUDE.md
     b. Read key files under docs/ (architecture-traps.md, etc.)
     c. Read memory/MEMORY.md (if exists)
     d. Extract check items → generate draft → present to user for confirmation
     e. Write to .claude/review-checklist.md after user confirms
2. User explicitly says "update review-checklist.md" → re-run generation flow
```

**Extraction rules**:
- Extract from constraint language: "trap", "never", "must", "don't", "always"
- Extract from convention language: "use X for", "standard pattern", "required"
- Extract from architecture decisions that must not be violated
- Each item format: `- [ ] Short description (source: filename)`
- Keep total items between 15-30; merge similar items if over

**Isolation rules**:
- Checklist lives in **current project** `.claude/review-checklist.md`, never global
- Generation reads only **current project** docs — switching projects naturally isolates
- Only rebuild when user explicitly requests it

---

## Review Workflow

### Step 1: Determine Review Scope

**Auto-detection** (priority fallback):
1. Check unpushed commits: `git log @{upstream}..HEAD --oneline`
2. If found → display commit list as review scope
3. If none → check staging area: `git diff --staged --stat`
4. If staging empty → check working tree: `git diff --stat`
5. If nothing → ask user for files/directories to review

**Edge cases**:

| Scenario | Handling |
|----------|----------|
| No upstream branch | Fall back to `git diff --staged`, notify user |
| Not a git repo | Ask user for files/directories |
| Detached HEAD | Use `git diff HEAD~1..HEAD` |
| Large diff (50+ files) | Notify user, use risk-tiered processing (see Step 3) |

### Step 2: Load Checklist & Understand Code

1. Load `.claude/review-checklist.md` (per loading flow above)
   - **If checklist is missing and generation was not triggered** (e.g., user skipped), note at report top: `⚠ Layer 2 not configured — only universal checks applied. Run "update review-checklist.md" to enable project-specific checks.`
2. Read changed code, understand intent:
   - What problem does this code solve?
   - Why was this implementation approach chosen?
   - Are there special contextual constraints?
3. Assess risk level for each changed file:
   - **HIGH**: Auth, encryption, external calls, payments/money, validation logic removal, @Transactional boundary changes
   - **MEDIUM**: Business logic, state changes, new public APIs
   - **LOW**: Comments, test files, UI styling, logging

### Step 3: Comprehensive Review

#### Layer 1: Universal Checklist

**P0 Security Issues [must fix]**
- Hardcoded passwords, API keys, tokens
- SQL injection (unparameterized queries)
- XSS (unescaped user input)
- Unsafe eval/exec
- Permission checks removed or relaxed

**P0 Transaction Safety [must fix]** (check whenever code touches money/state across tables)
- Catching `DataIntegrityViolationException` inside `@Transactional` — transaction is already marked rollback-only before the catch runs; the catch cannot save it
- Two tables must be atomic but use different transaction propagation (one REQUIRES_NEW, one outer) — partial commit / orphan state risk
- Optimistic lock retry loop inside a `@Transactional(REQUIRES_NEW)` method — transaction is poisoned after first failure, retries are useless
- For every method involving money: are caller and callee in the same transaction? If they commit independently, what happens when one succeeds and the other rolls back?

**P1 Logic Bugs [must fix]**
- Errors that will cause crashes
- Logic that will produce incorrect data
- Resource leaks (unclosed connections, uncleared state)
- Race conditions
- Return value disconnected from computed result (e.g., builds a list then returns empty/different object)
- Request attribute name mismatch between interceptor and controller (e.g., interceptor sets "adminId" but controller reads "userId")

**P1 API Input Validation [must fix]**
- Request body fields accessed without null check — `body.get("x").toString()` NPEs when key is absent
- Numeric fields parsed without try-catch — `new BigDecimal(input)` throws NumberFormatException on invalid input
- Missing business validation before passing to service layer (empty strings, negative amounts, zero values)

**P2 Robustness [should fix]**
- Missing necessary try-catch
- Empty catch blocks
- Unhandled edge cases (null, empty arrays)
- N+1 queries (especially: loading all rows then paginating in memory instead of DB-level pagination)
- Repeated computation/requests inside loops
- Obvious memory leaks
- ORM/JPA pitfalls: `@Version` field missing `@Builder.Default` when using Lombok `@Builder`; entity returned directly as JSON with lazy-loaded fields; `findAll()` on unbounded tables for aggregation instead of `@Query` with SUM/COUNT

**P3 Maintainability [optional fix]**
- Functions longer than 100 lines
- Nesting deeper than 4 levels
- Significant code duplication (>20 similar lines)
- Magic numbers
- console.log / print debug remnants
- Commented-out code blocks
- TODO/FIXME

#### Layer 2: Project-Specific Checks

Load check items from `.claude/review-checklist.md` and verify each against changed code.

#### HIGH Risk Additional Checks

Only for files assessed as HIGH risk:

**Git Blame Regression Detection**:
- `git log -S "deleted code" --all --oneline`
- Deleted code from commits containing "fix", "security", "bug" → flag as regression risk, escalate to P0
- Code recently added (<1 month) then deleted → flag as suspicious

**Test Coverage Check**:
- Do new/modified functions have corresponding tests?
- Apply "Risk Escalation Rules" to determine severity upgrades

**Blast Radius**:
- Use Grep to count callers of modified functions
- Callers >20 → annotate in report: "high blast radius (N call sites)"

#### Large Change Handling (50+ files)

- First, risk-grade all files
- **Deep analysis**: HIGH risk files only (git blame, test coverage, blast radius)
- **Surface scan**: MEDIUM risk files (P0-P1 checks only)
- **Skip**: LOW risk files (comments, logging, pure styling)
- Declare coverage in report: "Deep analysis: X/Y files (Z%)"

### Step 4: Verify Each Finding

Before reporting, confirm:
- Is this really a bug, or did I misunderstand?
- Is there a legitimate design reason?
- Does the fix benefit outweigh the cost?
- Does the project's global error handler already cover this scenario?

### Step 5: Auto-Fix Suggestions

For **deterministic issues** (single correct fix, no design decisions involved), provide directly applicable fixes at the end of the report:

**Scope** (only these types):
- `.gitignore` missing entries
- Import sorting / unused imports
- Obvious typos
- Missing trailing newline
- Debug remnants (console.log / print)

**Format**: In the "Auto-Fix" section, provide specific diffs or edit commands. User confirms before applying. Never put uncertain issues in auto-fix.

---

## What NOT to Report

These are **not problems** — do not report them:

1. **Intentional design** — e.g., IIFE used for a specific purpose
2. **Standard framework usage** — e.g., Axios async interceptors
3. **Has a safety net** — e.g., global error handler exists, local catch not needed
4. **Pure style preference** — naming conventions, blank lines, comment density
5. **Over-defensive coding** — theoretically possible but practically impossible scenarios
6. **Pure refactor with no behavior change** — unless it breaks an invariant (verify first)
7. **Simplified patterns in test files** — tests are allowed to be looser than production code

---

## Review Discipline (Do Not Skip)

| Common Excuse | Why It's Wrong | Correct Approach |
|---------------|----------------|------------------|
| "Small change, quick look" | Heartbleed was 2 lines | Grade by risk, not size |
| "I know this codebase" | Familiarity creates blind spots | Still check git blame |
| "Missing tests isn't my problem" | Missing tests = risk escalation | Note in report, escalate severity |
| "Just a refactor" | Refactors can break invariants | Treat as HIGH until confirmed safe |

---

## Output Format

```
## Code Review Report

**Scope**: [description of what was reviewed]
**Commits**: [commit range or file list]
**Risk Distribution**: P0: X | P1: Y | P2: Z | P3: W
**Code Score**: X/10 — [one-line scoring rationale]

### Summary
[One sentence summarizing code quality]

---

### P0 Security Issues (must fix)
| Location | Issue | Fix Cost | Regression? |
|----------|-------|----------|-------------|
| file:line | description | low/med/high | yes/no |

### P1 Logic Bugs (must fix)
| Location | Issue | Fix Cost | Test Coverage |
|----------|-------|----------|---------------|
| file:line | description | low/med/high | yes/no |

### P2 Robustness (should fix)
| Location | Issue | Fix Cost | Cost-Benefit |
|----------|-------|----------|--------------|

### P3 Maintainability (optional fix)
| Location | Issue | Fix Cost | Cost-Benefit |
|----------|-------|----------|--------------|

---

### Test Coverage (mandatory)
> This table MUST list all new/modified business functions. Cannot be omitted.
> Functions without tests are escalated per "Risk Escalation Rules".

| New/Modified Function | Has Tests? | Risk Impact |
|-----------------------|------------|-------------|
| funcName() | no | escalated MEDIUM→HIGH |

### What Was Done Well
- [Factual, specific praise for good design choices]

---

### Auto-Fix (deterministic issues)
> Only lists issues with a single correct fix. Applied after user confirmation.

```diff
# Example: .gitignore missing entry
+ storage/markers/
```

---

### Final Verdict

**Code Score: X/10** — [scoring rationale]

**[ READY TO PUSH ]** — 0 P0/P1 issues, safe to push
**[ NEEDS FIXES ]** — X P0/P1 issues must be fixed before pushing
**[ REQUIRES DISCUSSION ]** — architectural-level issues need discussion

Required before push:
- [ ] specific fix items

--- If P0-P3 are all 0, use simplified output: ---

## Code Review Report

**Scope**: [description]
**Commits**: [commit range]
**Code Score**: X/10 — [one-line rationale]

### Summary
[One sentence summary]

**[ READY TO PUSH ]** — No issues found.

---
💬 Feedback or issues → github.com/Wubabalala/claude-skills/issues
```

---

## Code Scoring Criteria

| Score | Meaning | Typical Characteristics |
|-------|---------|------------------------|
| 9-10 | Excellent | No P0-P2, complete test coverage, clean design |
| 7-8 | Good | No P0-P1, few P2/P3, overall robust |
| 5-6 | Acceptable | Has P1 but manageable, insufficient tests, needs fixes before push |
| 3-4 | Poor | Has P0 or multiple P1s, missing tests, needs significant rework |
| 1-2 | Dangerous | Security vulnerabilities, architectural issues, consider rewrite |

> Score appears twice in the report: at the top for quick orientation, at the bottom as part of the final verdict.

---

## Cost-Benefit Rating

| Rating | Condition | Recommendation |
|--------|-----------|----------------|
| 5/5 | Low cost + High risk | Must fix |
| 4/5 | Low cost + Medium risk | Should fix |
| 3/5 | Medium cost + Medium risk | Consider fixing |
| 2/5 | High cost + Low risk | Case by case |
| 1/5 | High cost + Low benefit | Don't fix |

---

## Risk Escalation Rules

| Condition | Escalation |
|-----------|------------|
| New function + no tests | MEDIUM → HIGH |
| Validation logic modified + tests not updated | MEDIUM → HIGH |
| Complex logic (>20 lines) + no tests | MEDIUM → HIGH |
| Deleted code from security-fix commit | Current level → P0 |
| Callers >20 + HIGH risk change | Annotate "high blast radius" in report |

---

## Red Lines (Immediate Deep Investigation)

When any of these patterns appear, regardless of change size, perform deep analysis:

- Code from commits containing "fix", "security", "CVE", "bug" is deleted
- Permission checks removed (auth annotations, interceptor configs)
- Input validation removed with no replacement
- New external calls without error handling
- HIGH risk changes with high impact scope (50+ callers)
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code-review

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