almanak-strategy-builder

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📄 SKILL.md 57.3 KB
SKILL.md

---
name: almanak-strategy-builder
description: >-
  Build, test, and deploy DeFi trading strategies using the Almanak SDK.
  ALWAYS use this skill when the user mentions almanak, DeFi strategy,
  trading strategy, yield farming, liquidity provision, token swap,
  borrowing, lending, perpetuals, staking, vault deposit, bridging tokens,
  backtesting, paper trading, or on-chain execution. Use for writing
  strategy.py files, composing intents (Swap, LP, Borrow, Supply, Perp,
  Bridge, Stake, Vault, Prediction), working with config.json strategy
  parameters, running almanak strat or almanak gateway CLI commands, or
  debugging strategy execution on Anvil forks. Do NOT use for general
  smart contract development, Solidity code, or non-strategy SDK internals.
metadata:
  version: "2.6.4"
  author: Almanak
  license: Apache-2.0
  type: documentation
---

# Almanak Strategy Builder

You are helping a quant build DeFi strategies using the Almanak SDK.
Strategies are Python classes that return Intent objects. The framework handles
compilation to transactions, execution, and state management.

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: security-model -->

## Security Model

This file is **documentation for AI coding assistants** - it contains no executable code or live credentials.

The Almanak SDK uses a **gateway-isolated architecture**:
- Strategy containers have **no direct access** to secrets, RPC endpoints, or external APIs.
- All external access is mediated through a gRPC gateway sidecar.
- In production, secrets are injected by the platform secret manager into the gateway - never into the strategy container.
- The `.env` file referenced below is for **local development only** and is never deployed to production environments.
- Private keys in `.env` are used solely for local Anvil fork testing and have no access to mainnet funds in production.

See the [Gateway](#gateway) section for details.

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: security-model -->

**IMPORTANT — Zodiac permissions auto-generation**: Whenever you create a new
strategy or modify `strategy.py` in a way that changes protocols, intent types,
tokens, or chains, you MUST regenerate the Zodiac Roles permission manifest
by running `almanak strat permissions -o permissions.json`
from the strategy directory. This ensures the Safe wallet permissions stay in
sync with the strategy's actual contract interactions. Always do this as a
final step after writing or editing strategy code.

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: quick-start -->

## Quick Start

```bash
# Install the CLI globally
pipx install almanak

# Scaffold a new strategy (creates a self-contained Python project)
almanak strat new --template mean_reversion --name my_rsi --chain arbitrum

# Run on local Anvil fork (auto-starts gateway + Anvil)
cd my_rsi
almanak strat run --network anvil --once

# Run a single iteration on mainnet
almanak strat run --once

# Browse and copy a working demo strategy
almanak strat demo
```

Each scaffolded strategy is a **self-contained Python project** with its own
`pyproject.toml`, `.venv/`, and `uv.lock`. The same files drive both local
development and the platform's cloud Docker build.

**Strategy project structure:**

```
my_strategy/
  strategy.py        # IntentStrategy subclass with decide() method
  config.json        # Runtime parameters (tokens, thresholds, funding)
  pyproject.toml     # Dependencies + [tool.almanak] metadata
  uv.lock            # Locked dependencies (created by uv sync)
  .venv/             # Per-strategy virtual environment
  .env               # Local dev credentials (not deployed; see Security Model)
  .gitignore         # Git ignore rules
  .python-version    # Python version pin (3.12)
  __init__.py        # Package exports
  tests/             # Test scaffold
  AGENTS.md          # AI agent guide
```

**pyproject.toml example:**

```toml
[project]
name = "my-strategy"
version = "0.1.0"
requires-python = ">=3.12"
dependencies = [
    "almanak>=2.4.0",
]

[tool.almanak.run]
interval = 60
```

The `[tool.almanak.run]` section is required — it sets the execution interval (in seconds)
for the strategy loop in production. Always include it when writing pyproject.toml manually.

**Adding dependencies:**

```bash
uv add pandas-ta          # Updates pyproject.toml + uv.lock + .venv/
uv run pytest tests/ -v   # Run tests in the strategy's venv
```

For Anvil testing, add `anvil_funding` to `config.json` so your wallet is auto-funded on fork start
(see [Configuration](#configuration) below).

```python
# strategy.py
from decimal import Decimal
from almanak.framework.strategies import IntentStrategy, MarketSnapshot, almanak_strategy
from almanak.framework.intents import Intent

@almanak_strategy(
    name="my_strategy",
    version="1.0.0",
    supported_chains=["arbitrum"],
    supported_protocols=["uniswap_v3"],
    intent_types=["SWAP", "HOLD"],
    default_chain="arbitrum",
)
class MyStrategy(IntentStrategy):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.trade_size = Decimal(str(self.config.get("trade_size_usd", "100")))

    def decide(self, market: MarketSnapshot) -> Intent | None:
        rsi = market.rsi("WETH", period=14)
        if rsi.value < 30:
            return Intent.swap(
                from_token="USDC", to_token="WETH",
                amount_usd=self.trade_size, max_slippage=Decimal("0.005"),
            )
        return Intent.hold(reason=f"RSI={rsi.value:.1f}, waiting")
```

> **Note:** `amount_usd=` requires a live price oracle from the gateway. If swaps revert with
> "Too little received", switch to `amount=` (token units) which bypasses USD-to-token conversion.
> Always verify pricing on first live run with `--dry-run --once`.

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: quick-start -->

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: core-concepts -->

## Core Concepts

### IntentStrategy

All strategies inherit from `IntentStrategy` and implement one method:

```python
def decide(self, market: MarketSnapshot) -> Intent | None
```

The framework calls `decide()` on each iteration with a fresh `MarketSnapshot`.
Return an `Intent` object (swap, LP, borrow, etc.) or `Intent.hold()`.

### Lifecycle

1. `__init__`: Extract config parameters, set up state
2. `decide(market)`: Called each iteration - return an Intent
3. `on_intent_executed(intent, success, result)`: Optional callback after execution
4. `get_status()`: Optional - return dict for monitoring dashboards
5. `supports_teardown()` / `generate_teardown_intents()`: Optional safe shutdown

### @almanak_strategy Decorator

Attaches metadata used by the framework and CLI:

```python
@almanak_strategy(
    name="my_strategy",              # Unique identifier
    description="What it does",      # Human-readable description
    version="1.0.0",                 # Strategy version
    author="Your Name",              # Optional
    tags=["trading", "rsi"],         # Optional tags for discovery
    supported_chains=["arbitrum"],   # Which chains this runs on
    supported_protocols=["uniswap_v3"],  # Which protocols it uses
    intent_types=["SWAP", "HOLD"],   # Intent types it may return
    default_chain="arbitrum",        # Default chain for execution
)
```

### Config Access

In `__init__`, read parameters from `self.config` (dict loaded from config.json):

```python
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
    super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
    self.trade_size = Decimal(str(self.config.get("trade_size_usd", "100")))
    self.rsi_period = int(self.config.get("rsi_period", 14))
    self.base_token = self.config.get("base_token", "WETH")
```

Also available: `self.chain` (str), `self.wallet_address` (str), `self.chains` (list[str]),
`self.get_wallet_for_chain(chain)` (str).

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: core-concepts -->

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: intent-vocabulary -->

## Intent Reference

All intents are created via `Intent` factory methods. Import:

```python
from almanak.framework.intents import Intent
```

### Trading

**Intent.swap** - Exchange tokens on a DEX

```python
Intent.swap(
    from_token="USDC",           # Token to sell
    to_token="WETH",             # Token to buy
    amount_usd=Decimal("1000"),  # Amount in USD (use amount_usd OR amount)
    amount=Decimal("500"),       # Amount in token units (alternative to amount_usd)
    max_slippage=Decimal("0.005"),  # Max slippage (0.5%)
    protocol="uniswap_v3",      # Optional: specific DEX
    chain="arbitrum",            # Optional: override chain
    destination_chain="base",    # Optional: cross-chain swap
)
```

Use `amount="all"` to swap the entire balance.

**`amount=` vs `amount_usd=`**: Use `amount_usd=` to specify trade size in USD (requires a live
price oracle from the gateway). Use `amount=` to specify exact token units (more reliable for live
trading since it bypasses USD-to-token conversion). When in doubt, prefer `amount=` for mainnet.

### Liquidity Provision

**Intent.lp_open** - Open a concentrated LP position

```python
Intent.lp_open(
    pool="WETH/USDC",               # Pool identifier
    amount0=Decimal("1.0"),          # Amount of token0
    amount1=Decimal("2000"),         # Amount of token1
    range_lower=Decimal("1800"),     # Lower price bound
    range_upper=Decimal("2200"),     # Upper price bound
    protocol="uniswap_v3",          # Default: uniswap_v3
    chain=None,                      # Optional override
)
```

**Intent.lp_close** - Close an LP position

```python
Intent.lp_close(
    position_id="12345",     # NFT token ID from lp_open result
    pool="WETH/USDC",        # Optional pool identifier
    collect_fees=True,       # Collect accumulated fees
    protocol="uniswap_v3",
)
```

**Intent.collect_fees** - Harvest LP fees without closing

```python
Intent.collect_fees(
    pool="WETH/USDC",
    protocol="traderjoe_v2",
)
```

### Lending / Borrowing

**Intent.supply** - Deposit collateral into a lending protocol

```python
Intent.supply(
    protocol="aave_v3",
    token="WETH",
    amount=Decimal("10"),
    use_as_collateral=True,   # Enable as collateral (default: True)
    market_id=None,           # Required for Morpho Blue
)
```

**Intent.borrow** - Borrow tokens against collateral

```python
Intent.borrow(
    protocol="aave_v3",
    collateral_token="WETH",
    collateral_amount=Decimal("10"),
    borrow_token="USDC",
    borrow_amount=Decimal("5000"),
    interest_rate_mode="variable",  # Aave: "variable" only (stable deprecated)
    market_id=None,                 # Required for Morpho Blue
)
```

**Intent.repay** - Repay borrowed tokens

```python
Intent.repay(
    protocol="aave_v3",
    token="USDC",
    amount=Decimal("5000"),
    repay_full=False,        # Set True to repay entire debt
    market_id=None,
)
```

**Intent.withdraw** - Withdraw from lending protocol

```python
Intent.withdraw(
    protocol="aave_v3",
    token="WETH",
    amount=Decimal("10"),
    withdraw_all=False,      # Set True to withdraw everything
    market_id=None,
)
```

### Perpetuals

**Intent.perp_open** - Open a perpetual futures position

```python
Intent.perp_open(
    market="ETH/USD",
    collateral_token="USDC",
    collateral_amount=Decimal("1000"),
    size_usd=Decimal("5000"),
    is_long=True,
    leverage=Decimal("5"),
    max_slippage=Decimal("0.01"),
    protocol="gmx_v2",
)
```

**Intent.perp_close** - Close a perpetual futures position

```python
Intent.perp_close(
    market="ETH/USD",
    collateral_token="USDC",
    is_long=True,
    size_usd=None,               # None = close full position
    max_slippage=Decimal("0.01"),
    protocol="gmx_v2",
)
```

### Bridging

**Intent.bridge** - Cross-chain token transfer

```python
Intent.bridge(
    token="USDC",
    amount=Decimal("1000"),
    from_chain="arbitrum",
    to_chain="base",
    max_slippage=Decimal("0.005"),
    preferred_bridge=None,       # Optional: specific bridge protocol
)
```

### Staking

**Intent.stake** - Liquid staking deposit

```python
Intent.stake(
    protocol="lido",
    token_in="ETH",
    amount=Decimal("10"),
    receive_wrapped=True,    # Receive wrapped token (e.g., wstETH)
)
```

**Intent.unstake** - Withdraw from liquid staking

```python
Intent.unstake(
    protocol="lido",
    token_in="wstETH",
    amount=Decimal("10"),
)
```

### Flash Loans

**Intent.flash_loan** - Borrow and repay in a single transaction

```python
Intent.flash_loan(
    provider="aave",         # "aave", "balancer", "morpho", or "auto"
    token="USDC",
    amount=Decimal("100000"),
    callback_intents=[...],  # Intents to execute with the borrowed funds
)
```

### Vaults (ERC-4626)

**Intent.vault_deposit** - Deposit into an ERC-4626 vault

```python
Intent.vault_deposit(
    vault="0x...",           # Vault contract address
    asset_token="USDC",
    amount=Decimal("1000"),
)
```

**Intent.vault_redeem** - Redeem shares from an ERC-4626 vault

```python
Intent.vault_redeem(
    vault="0x...",
    shares_amount=Decimal("1000"),
)
```

### Prediction Markets

```python
Intent.prediction_buy(protocol="polymarket", market="...", amount_usd=Decimal("100"))
Intent.prediction_sell(protocol="polymarket", market="...", amount_shares=Decimal("50"))
Intent.prediction_redeem(protocol="polymarket", market="...")
```

### Cross-Chain

**Intent.ensure_balance** - Meta-intent that resolves to a `BridgeIntent` (if balance is insufficient) or `HoldIntent` (if already met). Call `.resolve(market)` before returning from `decide()`.

```python
intent = Intent.ensure_balance(
    token="USDC",
    min_amount=Decimal("1000"),
    target_chain="arbitrum",
    max_slippage=Decimal("0.005"),
    preferred_bridge=None,
)
# Must resolve before returning - returns BridgeIntent or HoldIntent
resolved = intent.resolve(market)
return resolved
```

### Token Utilities

**WrapNativeIntent** - Wrap native tokens to ERC-20 (ETH -> WETH, MATIC -> WMATIC, etc.)

```python
from almanak.framework.intents import WrapNativeIntent
from decimal import Decimal

WrapNativeIntent(
    token="WETH",              # Wrapped token symbol to receive
    amount=Decimal("0.5"),     # Amount of native token to wrap (or "all")
    chain="arbitrum",          # Target chain
)
```

**UnwrapNativeIntent** - Unwrap wrapped native tokens (WETH -> ETH, WMATIC -> MATIC, etc.)

```python
from almanak.framework.intents import UnwrapNativeIntent
from decimal import Decimal

UnwrapNativeIntent(
    token="WETH",              # Wrapped token symbol
    amount=Decimal("0.5"),     # Amount to unwrap (or "all")
    chain="arbitrum",          # Target chain
)
```

### Control Flow

**Intent.hold** - Do nothing this iteration

```python
Intent.hold(reason="RSI in neutral zone")
```

**Intent.sequence** - Execute multiple intents in order

```python
Intent.sequence(
    intents=[
        Intent.swap(from_token="USDC", to_token="WETH", amount_usd=Decimal("1000")),
        Intent.supply(protocol="aave_v3", token="WETH", amount=Decimal("0.5")),
    ],
    description="Buy WETH then supply to Aave",
)
```

### Chained Amounts

Use `"all"` to reference the full output of a prior intent:

```python
Intent.sequence(intents=[
    Intent.swap(from_token="USDC", to_token="WETH", amount_usd=Decimal("1000")),
    Intent.supply(protocol="aave_v3", token="WETH", amount="all"),  # Uses swap output
])
```

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: intent-vocabulary -->

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: market-snapshot-api -->

## Market Data API

The `MarketSnapshot` passed to `decide()` provides these methods:

### Prices

```python
price = market.price("WETH")                    # Decimal, USD price
price = market.price("WETH", quote="USDC")      # Price in USDC terms

pd = market.price_data("WETH")                  # PriceData object
pd.price             # Decimal - current price
pd.price_24h_ago     # Decimal
pd.change_24h_pct    # Decimal
pd.high_24h          # Decimal
pd.low_24h           # Decimal
pd.timestamp         # datetime
```

### Balances

```python
bal = market.balance("USDC")
bal.balance       # Decimal - token amount
bal.balance_usd   # Decimal - USD value
bal.symbol        # str
bal.address       # str - token contract address
```

`TokenBalance` supports numeric comparisons: `bal > Decimal("100")`.

### Technical Indicators

All indicators accept `token`, `period` (int), and `timeframe` (str, default `"4h"`).

```python
rsi = market.rsi("WETH", period=14, timeframe="4h")
rsi.value          # Decimal (0-100)
rsi.is_oversold    # bool (value < 30)
rsi.is_overbought  # bool (value > 70)
rsi.signal         # "BUY" | "SELL" | "HOLD"

macd = market.macd("WETH", fast_period=12, slow_period=26, signal_period=9)
macd.macd_line     # Decimal
macd.signal_line   # Decimal
macd.histogram     # Decimal
macd.is_bullish_crossover  # bool
macd.is_bearish_crossover  # bool

bb = market.bollinger_bands("WETH", period=20, std_dev=2.0)
bb.upper_band      # Decimal
bb.middle_band     # Decimal
bb.lower_band      # Decimal
bb.bandwidth        # Decimal
bb.percent_b        # Decimal (0.0 = at lower band, 1.0 = at upper band)
bb.is_squeeze       # bool

stoch = market.stochastic("WETH", k_period=14, d_period=3)
stoch.k_value       # Decimal
stoch.d_value       # Decimal
stoch.is_oversold   # bool
stoch.is_overbought # bool

atr_val = market.atr("WETH", period=14)
atr_val.value       # Decimal (absolute)
atr_val.value_percent  # Decimal, percentage points (2.62 means 2.62%, not 0.0262)
atr_val.is_high_volatility  # bool

sma = market.sma("WETH", period=20)
ema = market.ema("WETH", period=12)
# Both return MAData with: .value, .is_price_above, .is_price_below, .signal

adx = market.adx("WETH", period=14)
adx.value           # Decimal
adx.plus_di         # Decimal
adx.minus_di        # Decimal
adx.is_trending     # bool
adx.is_uptrend      # bool

obv = market.obv("WETH", signal_period=21)
obv.value           # Decimal
obv.signal          # Decimal
obv.is_bullish      # bool

cci = market.cci("WETH", period=20)
cci.value           # Decimal
cci.is_overbought   # bool
cci.is_oversold     # bool

ich = market.ichimoku("WETH", tenkan_period=9, kijun_period=26, senkou_b_period=52)
ich.tenkan_sen      # Decimal (conversion line)
ich.kijun_sen       # Decimal (base line)
ich.senkou_span_a   # Decimal (leading span A)
ich.senkou_span_b   # Decimal (leading span B)
ich.is_bullish_crossover  # bool
ich.is_above_cloud  # bool
```

### Multi-Token Queries

```python
prices = market.prices(["WETH", "WBTC"])           # dict[str, Decimal]
balances = market.balances(["USDC", "WETH"])        # dict[str, Decimal]
usd_val = market.balance_usd("WETH")               # Decimal - USD value of holdings
total = market.total_portfolio_usd()                # Decimal
```

```python
# USD value of an arbitrary collateral amount (for perp position sizing)
col_usd = market.collateral_value_usd("WETH", Decimal("2"))  # Decimal - amount * price
```

### OHLCV Data

```python
df = market.ohlcv("WETH", timeframe="1h", limit=100)  # pd.DataFrame
# Columns: open, high, low, close, volume
```

### Pool and DEX Data

```python
pool = market.pool_price("0x...")                   # DataEnvelope[PoolPrice]
pool = market.pool_price_by_pair("WETH", "USDC")   # DataEnvelope[PoolPrice]
reserves = market.pool_reserves("0x...")            # PoolReserves
history = market.pool_history("0x...", resolution="1h")  # DataEnvelope[list[PoolSnapshot]]
analytics = market.pool_analytics("0x...")          # DataEnvelope[PoolAnalytics]
best = market.best_pool("WETH", "USDC", metric="fee_apr")  # DataEnvelope[PoolAnalyticsResult]
```

### Price Aggregation and Slippage

```python
twap = market.twap("WETH/USDC", window_seconds=300)       # DataEnvelope[AggregatedPrice]
lwap = market.lwap("WETH/USDC")                           # DataEnvelope[AggregatedPrice]
depth = market.liquidity_depth("0x...")                    # DataEnvelope[LiquidityDepth]
slip = market.estimate_slippage("WETH", "USDC", Decimal("10000"))  # DataEnvelope[SlippageEstimate]
prices = market.price_across_dexs("WETH", "USDC", Decimal("1"))   # list[DexQuote]
best_dex = market.best_dex_price("WETH", "USDC", Decimal("1"))    # BestDexResult
```

### Lending and Funding Rates

```python
rate = market.lending_rate("aave_v3", "USDC", side="supply")   # LendingRate
best = market.best_lending_rate("USDC", side="supply")         # BestRateResult
fr = market.funding_rate("binance", "ETH-PERP")               # FundingRate
spread = market.funding_rate_spread("ETH-PERP", "binance", "hyperliquid")  # FundingRateSpread
```

### Impermanent Loss

```python
il = market.il_exposure("position_id", fees_earned=Decimal("50"))  # ILExposure
proj = market.projected_il("WETH", "USDC", price_change_pct=Decimal("0.1"))  # ProjectedILResult
```

### Prediction Markets

```python
mkt = market.prediction("market_id")                    # PredictionMarket
price = market.prediction_price("market_id", "YES")     # Decimal
positions = market.prediction_positions("market_id")     # list[PredictionPosition]
orders = market.prediction_orders("market_id")           # list[PredictionOrder]
```

### Yield and Analytics

```python
yields = market.yield_opportunities("USDC", min_tvl=100_000, sort_by="apy")  # DataEnvelope[list[YieldOpportunity]]
gas = market.gas_price()                                # GasPrice
health = market.health()                                # HealthReport
signals = market.wallet_activity(action_types=["SWAP", "LP_OPEN"])  # list
```

### Context Properties

```python
market.chain            # str - current chain name
market.wallet_address   # str - wallet address
market.timestamp        # datetime - snapshot timestamp
market.fork_rpc_url     # str | None - Local Anvil fork RPC URL (paper trading only; bypasses the gateway and is None in production)
market.fork_block       # int | None - current fork block number (paper trading only)
```

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: market-snapshot-api -->

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: state-management -->

## State Management

The framework automatically persists runner-level metadata (iteration counts, error counters,
multi-step execution progress) after each iteration. However, **strategy-specific state** --
position IDs, trade counts, phase tracking, cooldown timers -- is only persisted if you implement
two hooks: `get_persistent_state()` and `load_persistent_state()`.

Without these hooks, all instance variables are lost on restart. This is especially dangerous for
LP and lending strategies where losing a position ID means the strategy cannot close its own
positions.

**Required for any stateful strategy:**

```python
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
    super().__init__(**kwargs)
    self._position_id: int | None = None
    self._phase: str = "idle"
    self._entry_price: Decimal = Decimal("0")

def get_persistent_state(self) -> dict:
    """Called by framework after each iteration to serialize state for persistence."""
    return {
        "position_id": self._position_id,
        "phase": self._phase,
        "entry_price": str(self._entry_price),  # Decimal -> str for JSON
    }

def load_persistent_state(self, saved: dict) -> None:
    """Called by framework on startup to restore state from previous run."""
    self._position_id = saved.get("position_id")
    self._phase = saved.get("phase", "idle")
    self._entry_price = Decimal(saved.get("entry_price", "0"))
```

**Guidelines:**

- Use defensive `.get()` with defaults in `load_persistent_state()` so older saved state doesn't
  crash when you add new fields.
- Store `Decimal` values as strings (`str(amount)`) and parse back (`Decimal(state["amount"])`)
  for safe JSON round-tripping. All values must be JSON-serializable.
- The `on_intent_executed()` callback is the natural place to update state after a trade (e.g.,
  storing a new position ID), and `get_persistent_state()` then picks it up for saving.

Use `--fresh` to clear saved state when starting over: `almanak strat run --fresh --once`.

### on_intent_executed Callback

After execution, access results (position IDs, swap amounts) via the callback. The framework
automatically enriches `result` with protocol-specific data - no manual receipt parsing needed.

```python
# In your strategy file, import logging at the top:
# import logging
# logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

def on_intent_executed(self, intent, success: bool, result):

    if not success:
        logger.warning(f"Intent failed: {intent.intent_type}")
        return

    # Capture LP position ID (enriched automatically by ResultEnricher)
    # Store in instance variables -- persisted via get_persistent_state()
    if result.position_id is not None:
        self._lp_position_id = result.position_id
        logger.info(f"Opened LP position {result.position_id}")

        # Store range bounds for rebalancing strategies (keep as Decimal)
        if (
            hasattr(intent, "range_lower") and intent.range_lower is not None
            and hasattr(intent, "range_upper") and intent.range_upper is not None
        ):
            self._range_lower = intent.range_lower
            self._range_upper = intent.range_upper

    # Capture swap amounts
    if result.swap_amounts:
        self._last_swap = {
            "amount_in": str(result.swap_amounts.amount_in),
            "amount_out": str(result.swap_amounts.amount_out),
        }
        logger.info(
            f"Swapped {result.swap_amounts.amount_in} -> {result.swap_amounts.amount_out}"
        )
```

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: state-management -->

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: configuration -->

## Configuration

### config.json

Contains only tunable runtime parameters. Structural metadata (name, description, chains) lives in
the `@almanak_strategy` decorator on your strategy class.

**Single-chain:**

```json
{
    "base_token": "WETH",
    "quote_token": "USDC",
    "rsi_period": 14,
    "rsi_oversold": 30,
    "rsi_overbought": 70,
    "trade_size_usd": 1000,
    "max_slippage_bps": 50,
    "anvil_funding": {
        "USDC": "10000",
        "WETH": "5"
    }
}
```

**Multi-chain:**

```json
{
    "chains": ["base", "arbitrum"],
    "swap_amount_usdc": "100",
    "max_slippage_bps": 100,
    "anvil_funding": {
        "USDC": 500
    }
}
```

The `chains` field lists the chains the strategy operates on and is read by the platform at
deployment time. It should match `supported_chains` from the `@almanak_strategy` decorator.
For single-chain strategies, `chain` (singular) is also accepted. `anvil_funding` is flat --
the same tokens are funded on all chains.
All other fields are strategy-specific and accessed via `self.config.get(key, default)`.

### .env (local development only)

> **Security note**: The `.env` file is for local development and Anvil fork testing only.
> In production, secrets are managed by the platform and injected into the gateway sidecar -
> they never reach the strategy container. See [Security Model](#security-model).

```bash
# Required for local development
ALMANAK_PRIVATE_KEY=<your-private-key>

# RPC access (set at least one)
ALCHEMY_API_KEY=<your-alchemy-key>
# RPC_URL=https://...

# Optional
# ENSO_API_KEY=<key>
# COINGECKO_API_KEY=<key>
# ALMANAK_API_KEY=<key>
```

### anvil_funding

When running on Anvil (`--network anvil`), the framework auto-funds the wallet
with tokens specified in `anvil_funding`. Values are in token units (not USD).

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: configuration -->

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: token-resolution -->

## Token Resolution

Use `get_token_resolver()` for all token lookups. Never hardcode addresses.

```python
from almanak.framework.data.tokens import get_token_resolver

resolver = get_token_resolver()

# Resolve by symbol
token = resolver.resolve("USDC", "arbitrum")
# -> ResolvedToken(symbol="USDC", address="0xaf88...", decimals=6, chain="arbitrum")

# Resolve by address
token = resolver.resolve("0xaf88d065e77c8cC2239327C5EDb3A432268e5831", "arbitrum")

# Convenience
decimals = resolver.get_decimals("arbitrum", "USDC")  # -> 6
address = resolver.get_address("arbitrum", "USDC")     # -> "0xaf88..."

# For DEX swaps (auto-wraps native tokens: ETH->WETH, MATIC->WMATIC)
token = resolver.resolve_for_swap("ETH", "arbitrum")   # -> WETH

# Resolve trading pair
usdc, weth = resolver.resolve_pair("USDC", "WETH", "arbitrum")
```

Resolution order: memory cache -> disk cache -> static registry -> gateway on-chain lookup.

Never default to 18 decimals. If the token is unknown, `TokenNotFoundError` is raised.

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: token-resolution -->

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: backtesting -->

## Backtesting

### PnL Backtest (historical prices, no on-chain execution)

```bash
almanak strat backtest pnl -s my_strategy \
    --start 2024-01-01 --end 2024-06-01 \
    --initial-capital 10000
```

### Paper Trading (Anvil fork with real execution, PnL tracking)

```bash
almanak strat backtest paper -s my_strategy \
    --duration 3600 --interval 60 \
    --initial-capital 10000
```

Paper trading runs the full strategy loop on an Anvil fork with real transaction
execution, equity curve tracking, and JSON result logs.

### Parameter Sweep

```bash
almanak strat backtest sweep -s my_strategy \
    --start 2024-01-01 --end 2024-06-01 \
    --param "rsi_oversold:20,25,30" \
    --param "rsi_overbought:70,75,80"
```

Runs the PnL backtest across all parameter combinations and ranks by Sharpe ratio.

### Programmatic Backtesting

```python
from almanak.framework.backtesting import BacktestEngine

engine = BacktestEngine(
    strategy_class=MyStrategy,
    config={...},
    start_date="2024-01-01",
    end_date="2024-06-01",
    initial_capital=10000,
)
results = engine.run()
results.sharpe_ratio
results.max_drawdown
results.total_return
results.plot()  # Matplotlib equity curve
```

### Backtesting Limitations

- **OHLCV data**: The PnL backtester uses historical close prices from CoinGecko. Indicators that require OHLCV data (ATR, Stochastic, Ichimoku) need a paid CoinGecko tier or an external data source.
- **RPC for paper trading**: Paper trading requires an RPC endpoint. Alchemy free tier is recommended for performance; public RPCs work but are slow.
- **No CWD auto-discovery**: Backtest CLI commands (`backtest pnl`, `backtest paper`, `backtest sweep`) require an explicit `-s strategy_name` flag. They do not auto-discover strategies from the current directory like `strat run` does.
- **Percentage fields**: `total_return_pct` and similar `_pct` result fields are decimal fractions (0.33 = 33%), not percentages.

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: backtesting -->

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: cli-commands -->

## CLI Commands

### Strategy Management

```bash
almanak strat new                     # Interactive scaffolding (creates pyproject.toml, .venv/, uv.lock)
almanak strat new -t mean_reversion -n my_rsi -c arbitrum  # Non-interactive
almanak strat demo                    # Browse and copy a working demo strategy
```

**Templates:** `blank`, `dynamic_lp`, `mean_reversion`, `bollinger`, `basis_trade`, `lending_loop`, `copy_trader`

Each scaffolded strategy is a self-contained Python project. After scaffolding, `uv sync` runs
automatically to create `.venv/` and `uv.lock`. Add dependencies with `uv add <package>`.

### Running Strategies

```bash
almanak strat run --once              # Single iteration (from strategy dir)
almanak strat run -d path/to/strat --once  # Explicit directory
almanak strat run --network anvil --once   # Local Anvil fork
almanak strat run --interval 30       # Continuous (30s between iterations)
almanak strat run --dry-run --once    # No transactions submitted
almanak strat run --fresh --once      # Clear state before running
almanak strat run --id abc123 --once  # Resume previous run
almanak strat run --dashboard         # Launch live monitoring dashboard
```

### Backtesting

```bash
almanak strat backtest pnl -s my_strategy            # Historical PnL simulation
almanak strat backtest paper -s my_strategy            # Paper trading on Anvil fork
almanak strat backtest sweep -s my_strategy           # Parameter sweep optimization
```

### Teardown

```bash
almanak strat teardown plan           # Preview teardown intents
almanak strat teardown execute        # Execute teardown
```

### Permissions

```bash
almanak strat permissions                          # Zodiac Roles Target[] format (default)
almanak strat permissions -o permissions.json      # Write to file
almanak strat permissions -d path/to/strat          # Explicit directory
almanak strat permissions --chain base              # Override chain
```

Generates a JSON manifest of minimum-privilege contract permissions needed for Safe wallet deployments with Zodiac Roles. Reads `supported_protocols` and `intent_types` from `@almanak_strategy` metadata and compiles synthetic intents to discover required contract addresses and function selectors. Non-EVM chains are automatically skipped. The default output format is Zodiac Roles Target[].

### Gateway

```bash
almanak gateway                       # Start standalone gateway
almanak gateway --network anvil       # Gateway for local Anvil testing
almanak gateway --port 50052          # Custom port
```

### Agent Skill Management

```bash
almanak agent install                 # Auto-detect platforms and install
almanak agent install -p claude       # Install for specific platform
almanak agent install -p all          # Install for all 10 platforms
almanak agent update                  # Update installed skill files
almanak agent status                  # Check installation status
```

### Documentation

```bash
almanak docs path                     # Path to bundled LLM docs
almanak docs dump                     # Print full LLM docs
almanak docs agent-skill              # Path to bundled agent skill
almanak docs agent-skill --dump       # Print agent skill content
```

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: cli-commands -->

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: permissions -->

## Zodiac Permissions

Every strategy deployed on a Safe wallet uses **Zodiac Roles** to enforce minimum-privilege access. The permissions system automatically discovers which contracts and function selectors the strategy needs by compiling synthetic intents.

### When to Generate

Regenerate permissions whenever you:
- Create a new strategy
- Add or remove protocols in `@almanak_strategy(supported_protocols=[...])`
- Add or remove intent types in `@almanak_strategy(intent_types=[...])`
- Change tokens in `config.json` (base_token, quote_token, collateral_token, etc.)
- Add or remove chains in `@almanak_strategy(supported_chains=[...])`

### How It Works

1. Reads `supported_protocols` and `intent_types` from the `@almanak_strategy()` decorator
2. Creates synthetic intents for each (protocol, intent_type) pair
3. Compiles them through the real IntentCompiler to extract target contracts and selectors
4. Adds ERC-20 `approve` permissions for tokens found in `config.json`
5. Adds infrastructure permissions (MultiSend for atomic execution)
6. Merges, deduplicates, and outputs as Zodiac Roles Target[] format

### Usage

```bash
# Generate Zodiac permissions and write to file (recommended)
almanak strat permissions -o permissions.json

# Preview on stdout
almanak strat permissions

# Single chain override
almanak strat permissions --chain arbitrum -o permissions.json
```

### Output Format

The Zodiac Roles Target[] format is a JSON array ready for Safe wallet configuration:

```json
[
  {
    "address": "0x68b3465833fb72A70ecDF485E0e4C7bD8665Fc45",
    "clearance": 2,
    "executionOptions": 0,
    "functions": [
      { "selector": "0x04e45aaf", "wildcarded": true }
    ]
  }
]
```

- `clearance`: 2 = function-level (specific selectors), 1 = target-level (all functions)
- `executionOptions`: 0 = None, 1 = Send, 2 = DelegateCall, 3 = Both
- `wildcarded`: true means the selector applies regardless of input arguments

### Strategy Decorator Requirements

For permissions to generate correctly, ensure your `@almanak_strategy` decorator declares all protocols and intent types:

```python
@almanak_strategy(
    name="my_strategy",
    default_chain="arbitrum",
    supported_chains=["arbitrum", "base"],
    supported_protocols=["uniswap_v3", "aave_v3"],
    intent_types=["SWAP", "SUPPLY", "WITHDRAW", "BORROW", "REPAY"],
)
class MyStrategy(IntentStrategy):
    ...
```

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: permissions -->

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: supported-chains -->

## Supported Chains and Protocols

### Chains

| Chain | Enum Value | Config Name |
|-------|-----------|-------------|
| Ethereum | `ETHEREUM` | `ethereum` |
| Arbitrum | `ARBITRUM` | `arbitrum` |
| Optimism | `OPTIMISM` | `optimism` |
| Base | `BASE` | `base` |
| Avalanche | `AVALANCHE` | `avalanche` |
| Polygon | `POLYGON` | `polygon` |
| BSC | `BSC` | `bsc` |
| Sonic | `SONIC` | `sonic` |
| Plasma | `PLASMA` | `plasma` |
| Blast | `BLAST` | `blast` |
| Mantle | `MANTLE` | `mantle` |
| Berachain | `BERACHAIN` | `berachain` |
| Monad | `MONAD` | `monad` |
| Solana | `SOLANA` | `solana` |

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: supported-chains -->

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: supported-protocols -->

### Protocols

| Protocol | Enum Value | Type | Config Name |
|----------|-----------|------|-------------|
| Uniswap V3 | `UNISWAP_V3` | DEX / LP | `uniswap_v3` |
| Uniswap V4 | `UNISWAP_V4` | DEX / LP | `uniswap_v4` |
| PancakeSwap V3 | `PANCAKESWAP_V3` | DEX / LP | `pancakeswap_v3` |
| SushiSwap V3 | `SUSHISWAP_V3` | DEX / LP | `sushiswap_v3` |
| TraderJoe V2 | `TRADERJOE_V2` | DEX / LP | `traderjoe_v2` |
| Aerodrome | `AERODROME` | DEX / LP | `aerodrome` |
| Agni Finance | `AGNI_FINANCE` | DEX / LP | `agni_finance` |
| Enso | `ENSO` | Aggregator | `enso` |
| Pendle | `PENDLE` | Yield | `pendle` |
| MetaMorpho | `METAMORPHO` | Lending | `metamorpho` |
| LiFi | `LIFI` | Bridge | `lifi` |
| Vault | `VAULT` | ERC-4626 | `vault` |
| Curve | `CURVE` | DEX / LP | `curve` |
| Balancer | `BALANCER` | DEX / LP | `balancer` |
| Aave V3 | * | Lending | `aave_v3` |
| Morpho Blue | * | Lending | `morpho_blue` |
| Compound V3 | * | Lending | `compound_v3` |
| GMX V2 | * | Perps | `gmx_v2` |
| Hyperliquid | * | Perps | `hyperliquid` |
| Polymarket | * | Prediction | `polymarket` |
| Kraken | * | CEX | `kraken` |
| Lido | * | Staking | `lido` |
| Lagoon | * | Vault | `lagoon` |

\* These protocols do not have a `Protocol` enum value. Use the string config name (e.g., `protocol="aave_v3"`) in intents. They are resolved by the intent compiler and transaction builder directly.

### Networks

| Network | Enum Value | Description |
|---------|-----------|-------------|
| Mainnet | `MAINNET` | Production chains |
| Anvil | `ANVIL` | Local fork for testing |
| Sepolia | `SEPOLIA` | Testnet |

### Protocol-Specific Notes

**GMX V2 (Perpetuals)**

- **Market format**: Use slash separator: `"BTC/USD"`, `"ETH/USD"`, `"LINK/USD"` (not dash).
- **Two-step execution**: GMX V2 uses a keeper-based execution model. When you call `Intent.perp_open()`, the SDK submits an order creation transaction. A GMX keeper then executes the actual position change in a separate transaction. `on_intent_executed(success=True)` fires when the order creation TX confirms, **not** when the keeper executes the position. Strategies should poll position state before relying on it.
- **Minimum position size**: GMX V2 enforces a minimum position size of approximately $11 net of fees. Orders below this threshold are silently rejected by the keeper with no on-chain error.
- **Collateral approvals**: Handled automatically by the intent compiler (same as LP opens).
- **Position monitoring**: `get_all_positions()` may not return positions immediately after opening due to keeper delay. Allow a few seconds before querying.
- **Supported chains**: Arbitrum, Avalanche.
- **Collateral tokens**: USDC, USDT (chain-dependent).

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: supported-protocols -->

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: common-patterns -->

## Common Patterns

### RSI Mean Reversion (Trading)

```python
def decide(self, market):
    rsi = market.rsi(self.base_token, period=self.rsi_period)
    quote_bal = market.balance(self.quote_token)
    base_bal = market.balance(self.base_token)

    if rsi.is_oversold and quote_bal.balance_usd >= self.trade_size:
        return Intent.swap(
            from_token=self.quote_token, to_token=self.base_token,
            amount_usd=self.trade_size, max_slippage=Decimal("0.005"),
        )
    if rsi.is_overbought and base_bal.balance_usd >= self.trade_size:
        return Intent.swap(
            from_token=self.base_token, to_token=self.quote_token,
            amount_usd=self.trade_size, max_slippage=Decimal("0.005"),
        )
    return Intent.hold(reason=f"RSI={rsi.value:.1f} in neutral zone")
```

### LP Rebalancing

```python
def decide(self, market):
    price = market.price(self.base_token)
    position_id = self._lp_position_id

    if position_id:
        # Check if price is out of range - close and reopen
        if price < self._range_lower or price > self._range_upper:
            return Intent.lp_close(position_id=position_id, protocol="uniswap_v3")

    # Open new position centered on current price
    atr = market.atr(self.base_token)
    half_range = price * (atr.value_percent / Decimal("100")) * 2  # value_percent is percentage points
    return Intent.lp_open(
        pool="WETH/USDC",
        amount0=Decimal("1"), amount1=Decimal("2000"),
        range_lower=price - half_range,
        range_upper=price + half_range,
    )
```

### Multi-Step with IntentSequence

```python
def decide(self, market):
    return Intent.sequence(
        intents=[
            Intent.swap(from_token="USDC", to_token="WETH", amount_usd=Decimal("5000")),
            Intent.supply(protocol="aave_v3", token="WETH", amount="all"),
            Intent.borrow(
                protocol="aave_v3",
                collateral_token="WETH", collateral_amount=Decimal("0"),
                borrow_token="USDC", borrow_amount=Decimal("3000"),
            ),
        ],
        description="Leverage loop: buy WETH, supply, borrow USDC",
    )
```

### Multi-Chain Strategies

Strategies can operate across multiple chains with per-chain wallet addresses.
The primary chain is `supported_chains[0]`. Intents without an explicit `chain=`
parameter run on the primary chain.

**Decorator:**

```python
@almanak_strategy(
    name="cross_chain_arb",
    supported_chains=["base", "arbitrum"],       # base is primary (first in list)
    supported_protocols=["uniswap_v3", "across"],
    intent_types=["SWAP", "BRIDGE", "HOLD"],
)
class CrossChainArbStrategy(IntentStrategy):
    ...
```

**config.json:**

```json
{
    "chains": ["base", "arbitrum"],
    "swap_amount_usdc": "100",
    "anvil_funding": {
        "USDC": 500
    }
}
```

Note: `anvil_funding` is flat (not per-chain) -- the same tokens are funded on
all chains.

**Strategy properties:**

```python
self.chain                          # "base" (primary chain = supported_chains[0])
self.chains                         # ["base", "arbitrum"]
self.wallet_address                 # default wallet
self.get_wallet_for_chain("arbitrum")  # per-chain wallet (if wallet registry configured)
```

When a gateway wallet registry is configured (`ALMANAK_GATEWAY_WALLETS`), each
chain can use a different Safe wallet. The framework resolves destination wallets
automatically for bridge intents.

**decide() with cross-chain intents:**

```python
def decide(self, market: MarketSnapshot):
    return Intent.sequence([
        # Bridge USDC from Base to Arbitrum
        Intent.bridge(
            token="USDC",
            amount=Decimal("100"),
            from_chain="base",
            to_chain="arbitrum",
            preferred_bridge="across",
            max_slippage=Decimal("0.01"),
        ),
        # Swap on Arbitrum (explicit chain= required for non-primary chain)
        Intent.swap(
            from_token="USDC",
            to_token="WETH",
            amount=Decimal("50"),
            protocol="uniswap_v3",
            chain="arbitrum",
        ),
        # Bridge back to primary chain
        Intent.bridge(
            token="USDC",
            amount=Decimal("50"),
            from_chain="arbitrum",
            to_chain="base",
            preferred_bridge="across",
        ),
    ], description="Arb USDC across chains")
```

**Multi-chain market data:**

For multi-chain strategies, `market` is a `MultiChainMarketSnapshot` with
chain-aware queries:

```python
def decide(self, market):
    # Chain-specific prices and balances
    arb_price = market.price("WETH", chain="arbitrum")
    base_price = market.price("WETH", chain="base")
    usdc_on_base = market.balance("USDC", chain="base")

    # Chain health monitoring
    market.healthy_chains       # ["base", "arbitrum"]
    market.stale_chains         # [] (empty if all healthy)
    market.all_chains_healthy   # True
```

**Key rules:**

- Intents on the primary chain can omit `chain=` -- it's implicit
- Intents on non-primary chains must include `chain="arbitrum"` etc.
- Bridge intents always require explicit `from_chain` and `to_chain`
- Use `Intent.sequence()` to order cross-chain operations
- `amount="all"` chaining does not work after bridge intents (bridge receipt
  parsers don't extract output amounts) -- use explicit amounts instead

### Alerting

```python
from almanak.framework.alerting import AlertManager

class MyStrategy(IntentStrategy):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.alerts = AlertManager.from_config(self.config.get("alerting", {}))

    def decide(self, market):
        rsi = market.rsi("WETH")
        if rsi.value < 20:
            self.alerts.send("Extreme oversold: RSI={:.1f}".format(rsi.value), level="warning")
        # ... trading logic
```

### Safe Teardown

All `IntentStrategy` subclasses **must** implement two abstract teardown methods:
`get_open_positions()` and `generate_teardown_intents()`. Without these, the
strategy class cannot be instantiated.

For strategies that never hold positions, extend `StatelessStrategy` instead of
`IntentStrategy` — it provides empty default implementations.

#### `get_open_positions()`

Returns a `TeardownPositionSummary` describing all current positions. Must query
on-chain state (not cached) for safety:

```python
def get_open_positions(self):
    from datetime import UTC, datetime
    from almanak.framework.teardown import PositionInfo, PositionType, TeardownPositionSummary

    positions = []
    try:
        market = self.create_market_snapshot()
        base_bal = market.balance(self.base_token)
        if base_bal.balance > 0:
            positions.append(
                PositionInfo(
                    position_type=PositionType.TOKEN,
                    position_id=f"{self.base_token}-holding",
                    chain=self.chain,
                    protocol="uniswap_v3",
                    value_usd=base_bal.balance_usd,
                    details={"asset": self.base_token, "amount": str(base_bal.balance)},
                )
            )
    except Exception:
        logger.warning("Unable to fetch balances for teardown position summary")

    return TeardownPositionSummary(
        strategy_id=getattr(self, "strategy_id", "my_strategy"),
        timestamp=datetime.now(UTC),
        positions=positions,
    )
```

**PositionType** values (close in this priority order):
`PERP` > `BORROW` > `SUPPLY` > `LP` > `STAKE` > `PREDICTION` > `CEX` > `TOKEN`

For strategies with no positions, return `TeardownPositionSummary.empty(self.strategy_id)`.

#### `generate_teardown_intents()`

Returns intents to close all positions, respecting priority order and teardown mode:

```python
def generate_teardown_intents(self, mode, market=None) -> list[Intent]:
    from almanak.framework.teardown import TeardownMode

    max_slippage = Decimal("0.03") if mode == TeardownMode.HARD else Decimal("0.01")
    intents = []
    # Close LP positions first (if any)
    position_id = self._lp_position_id
    if position_id:
        intents.append(Intent.lp_close(position_id=position_id))
    # Swap all base token back to quote
    intents.append(Intent.swap(
        from_token=self.base_token, to_token=self.quote_token,
        amount="all", max_slippage=max_slippage,
    ))
    return intents
```

`TeardownMode.SOFT` = graceful exit (minimize costs), `TeardownMode.HARD` = emergency (speed over cost).

#### Lending strategy teardown example (Aave V3)

```python
def get_open_positions(self):
    from datetime import UTC, datetime
    from almanak.framework.teardown import PositionInfo, PositionType, TeardownPositionSummary

    positions = []
    if self._borrowed_amount > 0:
        positions.append(PositionInfo(
            position_type=PositionType.BORROW,
            position_id=f"aave-borrow-{self.borrow_token}",
            chain=self.chain, protocol="aave_v3",
            value_usd=self._borrowed_amount * self._borrow_price,
            details={"asset": self.borrow_token, "amount": str(self._borrowed_amount)},
        ))
    if self._supplied_amount > 0:
        positions.append(PositionInfo(
            position_type=PositionType.SUPPLY,
            position_id=f"aave-supply-{self.collateral_token}",
            chain=self.chain, protocol="aave_v3",
            value_usd=self._supplied_amount,
            details={"asset": self.collateral_token, "amount": str(self._supplied_amount)},
        ))
    return TeardownPositionSummary(
        strategy_id=self.strategy_id, timestamp=datetime.now(UTC), positions=positions,
    )

def generate_teardown_intents(self, mode, market=None) -> list[Intent]:
    intents = []
    if self._borrowed_amount > 0:
        intents.append(Intent.repay(
            protocol="aave_v3", token=self.borrow_token,
            amount=self._borrowed_amount, repay_full=True, chain=self.chain,
        ))
    if self._supplied_amount > 0:
        intents.append(Intent.withdraw(
            protocol="aave_v3", token=self.collateral_token,
            amount=self._supplied_amount, withdraw_all=True, chain=self.chain,
        ))
    return intents
```

### Error Handling

Let exceptions propagate from `decide()`. The framework catches them and feeds
them into its built-in circuit breaker, which tracks consecutive failures and
stops the strategy after a threshold is reached.

```python
def decide(self, market):
    rsi = market.rsi("WETH", period=14)
    # ... strategy logic — no try/except needed
```

### Execution Failure Tracking (Circuit Breaker)

The framework retries each failed intent up to `max_retries` (default: 3) with
exponential backoff. However, after all retries are exhausted the strategy
**continues running** and will attempt the same trade on the next iteration.
Without a circuit breaker, this creates an infinite loop of reverted transactions
that burn gas without any hope of success.

**Always track consecutive execution failures in persistent state** and stop
trading (or enter an extended cooldown) after a threshold is reached:

```python
MAX_CONSECUTIVE_FAILURES = 3     # Stop after 3 rounds of failed intents
FAILURE_COOLDOWN_SECONDS = 1800  # 30-min cooldown before retrying

def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
    super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
    self.consecutive_failures = 0
    self.failure_cooldown_until = 0.0

def decide(self, market):
    try:
        now = time.time()

        # Circuit breaker: skip trading while in cooldown
        if now < self.failure_cooldown_until:
            remaining = int(self.failure_cooldown_until - now)
            return Intent.hold(
                reason=f"Circuit breaker active, cooldown {remaining}s remaining"
            )

        # Circuit breaker: enter cooldown after too many failures
        if self.consecutive_failures >= MAX_CONSECUTIVE_FAILURES:
            self.failure_cooldown_until = now + FAILURE_COOLDOWN_SECONDS
            self.consecutive_failures = 0
            logger.warning(
                f"Circuit breaker tripped after {MAX_CONSECUTIVE_FAILURES} "
                f"consecutive failures, cooling down {FAILURE_COOLDOWN_SECONDS}s"
            )
            return Intent.hold(reason="Circuit breaker tripped")

        # ... normal strategy logic ...

    except Exception as e:
        logger.exception(f"Error in decide(): {e}")
        return Intent.hold(reason=f"Error: {e}")

def on_intent_executed(self, intent, success: bool, result):
    if success:
        self.consecutive_failures = 0   # Reset on success
    else:
        self.consecutive_failures += 1
        logger.warning(
            f"Intent failed ({self.consecutive_failures}/{MAX_CONSECUTIVE_FAILURES})"
        )

def get_persistent_state(self) -> dict:
    return {
        "consecutive_failures": self.consecutive_failures,
        "failure_cooldown_until": self.failure_cooldown_until,
    }

def load_persistent_state(self, state: dict) -> None:
    self.consecutive_failures = int(state.get("consecutive_failures", 0))
    self.failure_cooldown_until = float(state.get("failure_cooldown_until", 0))
```

**Important:** Only update trade-timing state (e.g. `last_trade_ts`) inside
`on_intent_executed` when `success=True`, not when the intent is created. Setting
it at creation time means a failed trade still resets the interval timer, causing
the strategy to wait before retrying — or worse, to keep retrying on a fixed
schedule with no failure awareness.

### Handling Gas and Slippage Errors (Sadflow Hook)

Override `on_sadflow_enter` to react to specific error types during intent
retries. This hook is called before each retry attempt and lets you modify the
transaction (e.g. increase gas or slippage) or abort early:

```python
from almanak.framework.intents.state_machine import SadflowAction

class MyStrategy(IntentStrategy):
    def on_sadflow_enter(self, error_type, attempt, context):
        # Abort immediately on insufficient funds — retrying won't help
        if error_type == "INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS":
            return SadflowAction.abort("Insufficient funds, stopping retries")

        # Increase gas limit for gas-related errors
        if error_type == "GAS_ERROR" and context.action_bundle:
            modified = self._increase_gas(context.action_bundle)
            return SadflowAction.modify(modified, reason="Increased gas limit")

        # For slippage errors ("Too little received"), abort after 1 attempt
        # since retrying with the same parameters will produce the same result
        if error_type == "SLIPPAGE" and attempt >= 1:
            return SadflowAction.abort("Slippage error persists, aborting")

        # Default: let the framework retry with backoff
        return None
```

**Error types** passed to `on_sadflow_enter` (from `_categorize_error` in `state_machine.py`):
- `GAS_ERROR` — gas estimation failed or gas limit exceeded
- `INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS` — wallet balance too low
- `SLIPPAGE` — "Too little received" or similar DEX revert
- `TIMEOUT` — transaction confirmation timed out
- `NONCE_ERROR` — nonce mismatch or conflict
- `REVERT` — generic transaction revert
- `RATE_LIMIT` — RPC or API rate limit hit
- `NETWORK_ERROR` — connection or network failure
- `COMPILATION_PERMANENT` — unsupported protocol/chain (non-retriable)
- `None` — unclassified error

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: common-patterns -->

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: going-live -->

## Going Live Checklist

Before deploying to mainnet:

- [ ] Test on Anvil with `--network anvil --once` until `decide()` works correctly
- [ ] Run `--dry-run --once` on mainnet to verify compilation without submitting transactions
- [ ] Use `amount=` (token units) for swaps if `amount_usd=` causes reverts (see swap reference above)
- [ ] Override `get_persistent_state()` / `load_persistent_state()` if your strategy tracks positions or phase state
- [ ] Generate Zodiac permissions: `almanak strat permissions -o permissions.json`
- [ ] Verify token approvals for all protocols used (auto-handled for most, but verify on first run)
- [ ] Fund wallet on the correct chain with sufficient tokens plus gas (ETH/AVAX/MATIC)
- [ ] Note your instance ID after first successful iteration (needed for `--id` resume)
- [ ] Start with small amounts and monitor the first few iterations

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: going-live -->

<!-- almanak-sdk-start: troubleshooting -->

## Troubleshooting

| Error | Cause | Fix |
|-------|-------|-----|
| `TokenNotFoundError` | Token symbol not in registry | Use exact symbol (e.g., "WETH" not "ETH" for swaps). Check `resolver.resolve("TOKEN", "chain")`. |
| `Gateway not available` | Gateway not running | Use `almanak strat run` (auto-starts gateway) or start manually with `almanak gateway`. |
| `ALMANAK_PRIVATE_KEY not set` | Missing .env | Set your private key in `.env` (see Configuration section). |
| `Anvil not found` | Foundry not installed | Install Foundry: see [getfoundry.sh](https://getfoundry.sh) for instructions. |
| `RSI data unavailable` | Insufficient price history | The gateway needs time to accumulate data. Try a longer timeframe or wait. |
| `Insufficient balance` | Wallet doesn't have enough tokens | For Anvil: add `anvil_funding` to config.json. For mainnet: fund the wallet. |
| `Slippage exceeded` | Trade too large or pool illiquid | Increase `max_slippage` or reduce trade size. |
| `Too little received` (repeated reverts) | Placeholder prices used for slippage calculation, or stale price data | Ensure real price feeds are active (not placeholder). Implement `on_sadflow_enter` to abort on persistent slippage errors. Add a circuit breaker to stop retrying the same failing trade. |
| Transactions keep reverting after max retries | Strategy re-emits the same failing intent on subsequent iterations | Track `consecutive_failures` in persistent state and enter cooldown after a threshold. See the "Execution Failure Tracking" pattern. |
| Gas wasted on reverted transactions | No circuit breaker; framework retries 3x per intent, then strategy retries next iteration indefinitely | Implement `on_intent_executed` callback to count failures and `on_sadflow_enter` to abort non-recoverable errors early. |
| Intent compilation fails | Wrong parameter types | Ensure amounts are `Decimal`, not `float`. Use `Decimal(str(value))`. |

### Debugging Tips

- Use `--verbose` flag for detailed logging: `almanak strat run --once --verbose`
- Use `--dry-run` to test decide() without submitting transactions
- Use `--log-file out.json` for machine-readable JSON logs
- Check strategy state: `self.state` persists between iterations
- Paper trade first: `almanak strat backtest paper -s my_strategy` runs real execution on Anvil

<!-- almanak-sdk-end: troubleshooting -->
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