lola

分类: 工具与效率 | 上传者: RedHatProductSecurity | 下载: 0 | 版本: v1.0（最新）
使用 git 命令、版本控制或存储库管理时使用此技能
更新日志: Source: GitHub https://github.com/RedHatProductSecurity/lola
目录结构

当前层级: tree/main/examples/git-module/module/skills/git-cheatsheet/
📄 git-hooks.md 9.3 KB
📄 SKILL.md 5.2 KB
SKILL.md

---
description: Use this skill when working with git commands, version control, or repository management
---

# Git Cheatsheet

## Getting Started

### Start a new repo:

`git init`

### Clone an existing repo:

`git clone <url>`

## Prepare to Commit

### Add untracked file or unstaged changes:

`git add <file>`

### Add all untracked files and unstaged changes:

`git add .`

### Choose which parts of a file to stage:

`git add -p`

### Move file:

`git mv <old> <new>`

### Delete file:

`git rm <file>`

### Tell Git to forget about a file without deleting it:

`git rm --cached <file>`

### Unstage one file:

`git reset <file>`

### Unstage everything:

`git reset`

### Check what you added:

`git status`

## Make Commits

### Make a commit (and open text editor to write message):

`git commit`

### Make a commit:

`git commit -m 'message'`

### Commit all unstaged changes:

`git commit -am 'message'`

## Move Between Branches

### Switch branches:

`git switch <name>` OR `git checkout <name>`

### Create a branch:

`git switch -c <name>` OR `git checkout -b <name>`

### List branches:

`git branch`

### List branches by most recently committed to:

`git branch --sort=-committerdate`

### Delete a branch:

`git branch -d <name>`

### Force delete a branch:

`git branch -D <name>`

## Diff Staged/Unstaged Changes

### Diff all staged and unstaged changes:

`git diff HEAD`

### Diff just staged changes:

`git diff --staged`

### Diff just unstaged changes:

`git diff`

## Diff Commits

### Show diff between a commit and its parent:

`git show <commit>`

### Diff two commits:

`git diff <commit> <commit>`

### Diff one file since a commit:

`git diff <commit> <file>`

### Show a summary of a diff:

`git diff <commit> --stat` `git show <commit> --stat`

## Ways to refer to a commit

Every time we say `<commit>`, you can use any of these:

a branch

main

a tag

v0.1

a commit ID

3e887ab

a remote branch

origin/main

current commit

HEAD

3 commits ago

HEAD^^^ or HEAD~3

## Discard Your Changes

### Delete unstaged changes to one file:

`git restore <file>` OR `git checkout <file>`

### Delete all staged and unstaged changes to one file:

`git restore --staged --worktree <file>` OR `git checkout HEAD <file>`

### Delete all staged and unstaged changes:

`git reset --hard`

### Delete untracked files:

`git clean`

### 'Stash' all staged and unstaged changes:

`git stash`

## Edit History

### "Undo" the most recent commit (keep your working directory the same):

`git reset HEAD^`

### Squash the last 5 commits into one:

`git rebase -i HEAD~6`

Then change "pick" to "fixup" for any commit you want to combine with the previous one

### Undo a failed rebase:

`git reflog BRANCHNAME`

Then manually find the right commit ID in the reflog, then run:

`git reset --hard <commit>`

### Change a commit message (or add a file you forgot):

`git commit --amend`

## Code Archaeology

### Look at a branch's history:

`git log main` `git log --graph main` `git log --oneline`

### Show every commit that modified a file:

`git log <file>`

### Show every commit that modified a file, including before it was renamed:

`git log --follow <file>`

### Find every commit that added or removed some text:

`git log -G banana`

### Show who last changed each line of a file:

`git blame <file>`

## Combine Diverged Branches

### Combine with rebase:

`git switch banana` `git rebase main` ![](https://git-scm.com/) ![](https://git-scm.com/)

### Combine with merge:

`git switch main` `git merge banana` ![](https://git-scm.com/) ![](https://git-scm.com/)

### Combine with squash merge:

`git switch main` `git merge --squash banana` `git commit` ![](https://git-scm.com/) ![](https://git-scm.com/)

### Bring a branch up to date with another branch (aka "fast-forward merge"):

`git switch main` `git merge banana` ![](https://git-scm.com/) ![](https://git-scm.com/)

### Copy one commit onto the current branch:

`git cherry-pick <commit>` ![](https://git-scm.com/) ![](https://git-scm.com/)

## Restore an Old File

### Get the version of a file from another commit:

`git checkout <commit> <file>` OR `git restore <file> --source <commit>`

## Add a Remote

`git remote add <name> <url>`

## Push Your Changes

### Push the main branch to the remote origin:

`git push origin main`

### Push the current branch to its remote "tracking branch":

`git push`

### Push a branch that you've never pushed before:

`git push -u origin <name>`

### Force push:

`git push --force-with-lease`

### Push tags:

`git push --tags`

## Pull Changes

### Fetch changes (but don't change any of your local branches):

`git fetch origin main`

### Fetch changes and then rebase your current branch:

`git pull --rebase`

### Fetch changes and then merge them into your current branch:

`git pull origin main` OR `git pull`

## Configure Git

### Set a config option:

`git config user.name 'Your Name'`

### Set option globally:

`git config --global ...`

### Add an alias:

`git config alias.st status`

### See all possible config options:

`man git-config`

## Important Files

### Local git config:

`.git/config`

### Global git config:

`~/.gitconfig`

### List of files to ignore:

`.gitignore`

## Additional Resources

For detailed information about Git hooks (client-side and server-side), see [git-hooks.md](git-hooks.md).
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